Blaise Pascal
Notes
Blaise Pascal (1623–1662), French mathematician, physicist, and Catholic theologian. Founded probability theory with Fermat, built one of the first mechanical calculators, and did the experiments that established the vacuum. After a religious experience in 1654 he turned to theology; the Pensées, published after his death, contain Pascal's Wager. The wager is unworthy of the man, who knew better than anyone alive what a probability was.
Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascal